Balach Masud

   It is no doubt that English language is the primary preference in education sectors as well as in homes but the increasing use of English can be harmful for other cultural and ethnic languages.   English is internationally accepted and it is the most commonly used language in the world for work, education and legal sectors. In many countries of the world,  English is not the national language yet people are more interested in learning English and in doing so they often think less of their own cultural language for example our very own homeland i.e. Pakistan. In such countries people think that they can only be successful if they are fluent in English and speaking English has become a status symbol whereas there are many examples of countries whose people value their own language and are still globally successful and recognized for example China.   If not preserved, languages can extinct. The preservation of language can only be done by learning and speaking t...

The beauty of anti-racism is that you don’t have to pretend to be free of racism to be anti-racist. Anti-racism is the commitment to fight racism wherever you find it, including in yourself. And it’s the only way forward. The given photograph looks like a glimpse of a rally from the black and white era. I am saying ‘the black and white era’ because of the quality of the picture. This picture looks like it is taken from a very old camera and from a time when colored camera reels were not invented. In my opinion, the picture is taken at a protest against racial injustice of the olden times. The place where this photograph was taken looks like somewhere in Europe. I am guessing it is a European country because of the clothes that the people in this picture are wearing. Traditionally, these kinds of frocks were  wore  in  the United Kingdom in history. The British women are very famous for wearing such clothing. In this photograph, a woman is leading the rally which shows som...

Covid-19 itself has a huge impact on everyone psychologically, but quarantine has an impact on everyone differently according to their personalities. But mostly, it affected people badly in different ways, especially financially. Many people lost their jobs and source of income.   When quarantine began, it looked like it is heaven for all the introverts out there yet extremely difficult for extroverts. Introverts are people who do not like to socialize a lot. For them, quarantine was like a dream coming to reality because they do not have to socialize much and prefers to spend time alone or with some people whom they know intimately. Introverts in quarantine are more energized than ever. Being introverted does not mean you do not like people, it means you just do not like to talk because it just means that doing it de-energizes you. They get moody and irritated when they do not get enough alone time. So quarantine was a great advantage for introverts to get away from crowds and int...

   For me, anything that helps you to grow as a conscious human begin is referred to as self-improvement. It might be a piece of art, music, words, someone’s inspiration or your internal spark too just anything that i define as self- improvement. “’When we strive to become better than we are, everything around us becomes better too “ ” Nowadays, people are skillful but they don’t realize their real adept because they forgot the true meaning of success and self-improvement. Actually, we think that making enough money, loosing and gaining weight, getting awards, confidential certificates are our true self improvers but unfortunately these aren’t. We are unable to use our inner complence. Truly our attitudes, our souls, our hearts need real improvement. We should work more on ourselves than these materialistic things just don’t dwell on the past, don’t wait for life to improve itself just lighten up your inner spark by commit to habits, practices , routines and rituals that are g...

  In the past many people had skills such as making their own clothes and doing repairs to things in the house. In many countries, nowadays, skills like these are disappearing. Why do you thing this change is happening? How far is this situation true in your country? In older times, people were more self sufficient and did not depend on others to do small chores like sewing, knitting, repairing etc. In modern day and age, people are less likely to know basic skills like stitching clothes, mending shoes, and fixing electronics. The older generations were more skillful and did not rely on others for these minor jobs. There could be a lot of reasons due to which this change has happened. People these days are more concerned about their kids getting degrees than they are about skills. The work life has become so exhausting that people do not find time to teach these things to their younger generations. With the advancement of society, division of labor has also increased thus...

  Human from all over the world go to educational institutes for several reasons. There could be numerous different reasons behind each individual’s decision of attending higher education.   Generally, humans make decisions based on logic or emotions. In my opinion, there are two basic reasons due to which an individual would acquire higher studies i.e. either need or interest. There could be thousands of needs that an individual wants to fulfill by getting a scholarly degree the most basic one is the financial needs. Most people get scholarly degrees to get a job that fulfills their financial needs but there could be thousands of other needs that a person might be able to fulfill by achieving a degree for instance, one could need a degree to achieve the standards set by the society. An example of this can be   the people from developing countries like India and Pakistan which are now shifting towards getting higher education to achieve the standards set by the western ...

  It is no doubt that English language is the primary preference in education sectors as well as in homes but the increasing use of English can be harmful for other cultural and ethnic languages. English is internationally accepted and it is the most commonly used language in the world for work, education and legal sectors. In many countries of the world, English is not the national language yet people are more interested in learning English and in doing so they often think less of their own cultural language for example our very own homeland i.e. Pakistan. In such countries people think that they can only be successful if they are fluent in English and speaking English has become a status symbol whereas there are many examples of countries whose people value their own language and are still globally successful and recognized for example China. If not preserved, languages can extinct. The preservation of language can only be done by learning and speaking that particular languag...

 The age of internet has changed almost everything about human life especially the ways through which people socialize in person and in groups. In the technological era, mankind has developed methods through which communication has become way easier than it was ever before. In today’s world we can access and reach anyone with a single click. There are platforms available for any kind of relationship or dealing. Either it is intimate or business related, any relationship can be maintained using the internet. On one hand we have apps like Facebook, twitter, Instagram and tinder for meeting new people and on the other we have websites like fiver, up work and Google meet for business and studies. Technology undoubtedly has changed our way of maintaining relations and advancement of technology has led us to achieve some of the greatest things but in many ways it has also sucked the joy out of our relationships. With the increasing use of technology we are slowly drifting away from t...

When we look at a blurred image, we see that the colors from various objects are spread out in the image over an area around the objects.  Mathematically, this is exactly what is happening.  Instead of the light from one point in the scene corresponding with the light at one point in the image, the light from each point in the scene is spread out over multiple points in the image.   The function that describes this spread is called the point spread function (PSF).  The PSF is also the impulse response of the imaging system, and in applications dealing with blur, is sometimes referred to as the “blur kernel”.

IMAGE COMPRESSION Many different image compression schemes exist, and several, often completely, different methods can be used for each of the different steps in an image compression scheme, and the different methods can often be combined in any way. Some examples are the Matlab implementation of SPIHT which is used as a reference compression scheme here. Also Matlab commands imwrite and imread supports several image formats, many of them include effective compression. The latest versions (from R2010b) also support the effective JPEG-2000 format (JP2 option). The standard JPEG format is also supported but the compression rate is not as good as expected, perhaps the overhead information is relatively large. This page contains several Matlab functions, m-files, a brief explanation and some examples for image compression. The included functions can be used for some of the many steps or stages often done in image compression. It is not a complete finished codec, like JPEG or JPEG-2000. ...

What is Aspect Ration? The height and width on an image is referred to as the aspect ratio. It defines its overall shape, and it is usually shown as W:H where W is width and H is height. The most common aspect ratio today is 16:9, which means that if the width is divided into 16 equal parts, the height of the TV or picture should be 9 parts.   16:9 works great for TVs since that is the format modern TV shows are delivered on, but most movies are made using the cinema standard, which is 21:9. 21:9 is much wider, so parts of the screen need to be filled with black bars above and below the image in order to fit most TVs. These horizontal bars are called ''letterboxes''. Similar to movies, TV shows used to be made using a 4:3 aspect ratio, which is a lot more square than current TVs(this is why 16:9 is often called a widescreen aspect ratio). To fit modern TVs, vertical black bars or 'pillarboxing' is used. We've listed the most common aspect ratios in the t...

ID3 Algorithm: ID3 invented by Ross Quinlan used to generate a tree from a dataset. its precursor of C4.5 algorithm, used in machine learning and NLP domains. it begins with the original set S  as the root node. IT calculates the entrophy  H(S) (or information gain IG(S)) before, it iterates through every unused attributes of the set S on each iteration of algorithm. It n selects the smallest entrophy (or largest information gain)value. the set S is then spit by the selected attribute (e.g age is less than 50, age is between 50 and 100, age is greater than 100 ) to produce subsets of the data. The algorithm continues to recurse on each subset, considering only attributes never selected before.  INformation Gain in decision tree: it is used as mutual information, which is the expected value of the kullback leibler divergance of the univariate probability distribution of one variable from the conditional distribution of its variable given the other one. In general term...

VIrus: A computer program, which is capable of replicating with little or no user intervention. a piece of code causes damage to your computer either by deleting or corrupting files. it multiplies it self to to fill up disk space or randomly access memory space, secretly infecting your computer. these are disguised as games, images, email attachments, websites URls, shared files in instant messsages. Spyware: A computer program, it spies on you. after downloading itelf on your computer either an email you opened website you visited or a program you downloaded. it scans hardware for peronal information and your internet browsing habits. some spyware programs contain keyloggers that will record personal data you inter in to websites, such as password, usernames, email addresses, etc. Adware: Software, that, once installed, tracks your internet browsing history habits and sends popups containing ads related to sites and topics you have visited. it consumes and slows down your computers ...

Image Extensions 1.Jpeg:     Joint photographic experts group, it is the most famous image Extension used for web.jpeg. these are very lossy, it looses alot of information and also effects the quality of image because is makes it small. Almost every digital camera can shoot and save in JPEG format. It is very friendly because it's smaller takes less room and requires less time to upload to a site. Moreover it's less grainy then GIF, the old Kong of the internet roost. Since 1994 JPEG is considered as the standard. Pros of JPEG:     Graphics Interchange format, • 24 color bit, with up to 16 million colors. • Rich colors, great for photographs that need fine attention to color details. • Most used and most widely accepted format. • Compatible in most OS ( Mac, Linux, PC) Cons of JPEG: • they tend to discard alot of data. • after compression, tend to create artifacts. • cannot be animanted. • doesn't support transparen...